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| 增益可调APD光电探测器的研究与设计 |
| Research and design of gain adjustable APD photodetector |
| 投稿时间:2024-02-03 |
| DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-5630.202402030019 |
| 中文关键词: 雪崩光电二极管 跨阻放大器 高增益 增益可调探测器 |
| 英文关键词:avalanche photodiode transimpedance amplifier high gain gain adjustable detector |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(61927813,62175152);上海市市级科技重大专项(2019SHZDZX01) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 基于雪崩光电二极管(avalanche photodiode,APD)的增益可调光电探测器,通过APD内部载流子的雪崩倍增效应,结合低噪声宽带跨阻放大器可实现高灵敏探测,被广泛应用于激光通信、激光雷达及光纤传感等领域。为进一步提升APD探测器的增益动态范围及响应带宽,通过探究APD线性倍增因子与暗电流的关系,优化APD的增益系数;采用跨阻级联运算放大器的放大方案,结合放大芯片及APD器件带宽优化增益系数设置,在提高增益调节范围的同时保障探测器响应带宽。此外,设计了低噪声高压直流偏置电路模块,其纹波电压小于等于2.5 mV,调节电压可实现APD倍增因子M在1、10、50、100以及200间的快速切换。最终,APD探测器增益可调节范围高达74 dB,带宽150 MHz,最小噪声等效功率仅为0.02 pW·Hz–0.5。该低噪声、大动态范围技术方案可为APD光电探测器应用拓展提供支撑。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Gain adjustable photodetectors based on avalanche photodiode (APD) are widely used in fields such as laser communication, laser radar and optical fiber sensing. Combining with low-noise broadband transimpedance amplifiers, they achieve high-sensitivity detection by utilizing the avalanche multiplication effect of the internal carriers in APD. To further enhance the gain dynamic range and response bandwidth of the APD detector, the study explored the relationship between the linear multiplication factor of the APD and the dark current to increase the gain factor of the APD. The amplification scheme of a transimpedance amplifier cascading an operational amplifier improved the gain adjustment range while guaranteeing the detector response bandwidth. In addition, a low-noise high-voltage direct current bias circuit module was designed with a ripple voltage of less than or equal to 2.5 mV. Adjusting the voltage enabled the rapid switching of the APD multiplication factor M between 1, 10, 50, 100 and 200. The maximum adjustable APD detector gain reached 74 dB. The bandwidth was 150 MHz, while the minimum noise equivalent power was only 0.02 pW·Hz–0.5. This low-noise and large-dynamic range technology solution expands the applications of APD photodetectors. |
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